| Aug 1585: |
After the
dead of the Prince Willem I van Oranje, the control of The
Netherlands is presented to Queen Elizabeth I of Engeland.
She rejects the control but by fear for the Spaniard she promises
to send an army of more than 5000 man. Cause of this decision are
the developments in France and the fall of Antwerp. |
|
|
| Dec 1585: |
Leader of
these armed forces is the Earl Robert Dudley of Leicester, that go
ashore in Vlissingen. Earl Robert
Dudley of Leicester (°1533 +1588), English commander-in-chief is send to
the low lands against the Spanish troups by Queen Elisabeth I on
request of the Dutch States with 6000 soldiers.
2 years later the army is called back. |
|
|
| Jan 1586: |
Earl Robert
Dudley of Leicester lets proclame himself as governor of The Netherlands.
This happens against the explicit rules of Queen Elisabeth of Engeland in.
For she wants to avoid a war with the Spanish anyway.
|
|
|
| Apr
1586: |
Earl Robert Dudley of Leicester forbid all
trade with "the enemy". But the commerce with the Southern
Netherlands and Spain is urgency for the Dutch merchants, among other things
by licenses that they had acquired on this.
|
|
|
| Jun 1586: |
Leicester decides to establish a Chamber of
Finances, where the merchant books will be controlled.
|
|
|
| JunJul 1586: |
Alexander Farnese of Parma conquers Venlo, Grave
and Neuß. This slur is not appreciated by Earl Leicester. Alexander
Farnese has have big difficulties with paying his men and provide them with
provisions caused by the infirm delivery from Spain.
|
|
|
| Dec1586: |
Earl Leicester
turns back to England to report about his way of govern. During
his absence the 'Raad van Staten' takes over the govern in spite
of clear instructions of the Earl not to carry through alterations
in the governments and commanders. |
|
|
| Jan 1587: |
Treason
against the English Crown by the catholic English commanders Stanley
and York. They give Deventer and De Schans to the Spaniards.
The 'Staten-Generaal' inform Earl Leicester by missive, draw up by
Johan van Oldenbarneveldt. After an answer of Thomas Wilkes, a
research is establish to explain the behavior of Stanley and York.
This inquiry is made under the direction of François Vranck, who argues
that the sovereignty in Holland always was based by the Provinciale Staten. |
|
|
| Jul 1587: |
 Earl Leicester
arrives again in Vlissingen with a new army. But he cannot prevent
that the Spaniards conquer Sluis.
Queen Elisabeth has given the Earl the order to make one's peace
with the Spaniards.
Under impulse of Johan van Oldenbarneveldt this request is
publiced, which avokes dissatisfaction at the calvinists, and that
is why Leicester loses their support.
By the failure of Leicester, Alexander Farnese of Parma has come in
a stronger position concerning on the insurgent areas.
Fortunately for the North, Parma can not make no further fight
cause of lack of money and food. But Farnese is convinced that the
coming of the Spanish Armada will soon bring a change in this. |
|
|
| Aug 1587: |
Alexander Farnese
of Parma captures the important seaport Sluis. This of course as a
preparation for the coming of the Spanish Armada.
|
|
|
| Sep 1587: |
Leicester
wants to arrest Johan van Oldenbarneveldt and Maurits van Oranje.
But they can escape in Delft.
Leicester attacks Amsterdam, Leiden and West-Friesland, which each time
results in a failure. |
|
|
| Dec 1587: |
Leicester
is called back for good from The Netherlands. He dies the next
year in England.
In The Netherlands he is succeeded by Willoughby as Head of the English
troops. |
|
|
| April 1588: |
After the
depart of admiral-general Leicester from the Verenigde
Provinciën, Prince Maurits van Oranje, Graaf van Nassau (°13 nov 1567 Dillenburg,
+23 april 1625 's
Gravenhage) becomes stadholder of Utrecht and Overijssel.
The Raad van State preserves the control about Foreigner business,
War and Army Business. Also Finances are administered by the Raad.
Because of the region discord of The Zeven Provinciën the power
of the Raad van State does not maen so much anymore.
Prince Maurits establishes his authority in Zeeland.
Leicesters follower Prouninck leaves Utrecht later in Oktober, and Sonoy submits
himself to the Staten van Holland. |
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|
www.willebroek.info/HISTORY/HIST/Hp1581.htm |
